Seniors Guide Online Banking - 1488 Words

Seniors’ Guide to Online Banking. Welcome to the first edition of the Seniors’ Guide to Online Banking. Seniors represent a growing population of loyal customers in most financial institutions in the Province of Saskatchewan and even the country as a whole. Unfortunately most seniors have not been able to cope up with the rate of technological changes in the Banking Industry. The sad thing is that almost all financial institutions treat seniors just like generation X and Y folks when it comes to the use of Digital Banking. Seniors need special care and treatment in this area. It is true that banks have done very well by improving banking products and making them accessible to all especially to seniors. This has become very popular and a†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ And what one has to do after using online banking Section B: deals with the basic step by step process to access popular banking products such as †¢ Paying Bills Online †¢ Making eTransfers †¢ Making Cheque Deposits †¢ Setting up Alerts on your Accounts †¢ Changing password and security questions †¢ Section C: deals with the common frauds associated with online banking and how to prevent it Topics such as the following as discussed †¢ Social Engineering †¢ Phishing †¢ Credit Card fraud †¢ Identity theft and fraud †¢ Advance Fee Fraud ONLINE BANKING Online banking also known as internet banking, e-banking, or virtual banking, is an electronic payment system that enables customers of a bank or other financial institution to conduct a range of financial transactions through the financial institution s website. The tools commonly used are computers, smartphones and in a limited sense telephone. It is faceless and borderless in that you do not see or interact with Bank staff as it is in the traditional systems. The transaction can also be done anywhere and anytime without any restrictions. All you need is either smartphone or a computer. The good news is that almost all the popular banking products are also available online. You can pay bills, view your account balances, and locate ATMs, transfer funds and even deposit cheques, all at any time to your convenience. In short, it is fast, safe, flexible, convenient and secure. Looking at theShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Has Changed Our New Set Of Skills And Practices1040 Words   |  5 Pagesworld today, as seen by continuous revelations about breaches and incidents. On this note of insecurity and unpredictability, banking industry is keen to redefine its approach to security thereby making an attempt to balance three critical factors i.e. cost, innovation and risk. On parallel grounds, the domain of internal security is undergoing drastic changes that mandates banking institutions to embrace new set of skills and practices. Fraud can be categorized as a business risk – it is like a swordRead MoreChallenges Faced By The World Today1042 Words   |  5 Pagesworld today, as seen by continuous revelations about breaches and incidents. On this note of insecurity and unpredictability, banking industry is keen to redefine its approach to security thereby making an attempt to balance three critical factors i.e. cost, innovation and risk. On parallel gro unds, the domain of internal security is undergoing drastic changes that mandates banking institutions to embrace new set of skills and practices. Fraud can be categorized as a business risk – it is like a swordRead MoreCurrent Levels Of Academic Achievement And Functional Performance926 Words   |  4 PagesAcademic Achievement and Functional Performance: 1. 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In commercial banking, one of the most typical reasons that lead to high stress is that the staff must (by any means) manage to meet the daily sales target in sellingRead MorePersonal Health Records ( Phrs )785 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Health Records (PHRs) refer to computer-based systems that enable patients (their caregivers acting in their stead) monitor and manage their health. Like other popular online platforms for banking, shopping, etc., PHRs allow patients to remotely access some level of healthcare service. Some examples of services provided by tethered PHRs – PHRs owned or controlled by a single or multiple healthcare organization; include viewing laboratory test results, scheduling hospital appointments, reorderingRead MoreRisk Management For The Community Bank843 Words   |  4 Pageshappens will be within anticipated bounds and effectively addressed. 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The Extended Program also collaborates with five academic locations throughout the stateRead MoreInitial Public Offering Paper1149 Words   |  5 PagesThey typically engage investment banking firms such as Merrill Lynch or Goldman Sachs to help them market these shares. Sales of new stock by the firm are said to occur in the primary market. There are two types of primary market issues. In an initial public offering, or IPO, a company that has been privately owned sells stock to the public for the first time. Some IPOs have proved very popular with investors. (Brealey, Myers, and Marcus, 2004) In his online article Martin Mannion aptly describesRead MoreDigital Marketing2771 Words   |  12 Pagesbuy, and control their monetary services on demand with their device(s) and in nearly any locality. 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Analysis Of The Book On Job God Talk And The Suffering...

How do human beings talk about God in the face of poverty and suffering? This is the question the Book of Job raises for us. A moral and honorable man lives a prosperous, happy and fruitful life. As a wager between God and Satan on the issue of disinterested religion, they test to see if his faith and religion are actually disinterested. This leads to another question of whether human beings are capable of asserting their faith and talking about God in the face of suffering in a disinterested way. In his book â€Å"On Job: God-Talk and the Suffering of the Innocent† Gustavo Gutierrez makes the point that human beings, especially the poor, are capable of a disinterested faith and knowledge of God in the face of suffering. His application of liberation theology, way of talking about God, and interest in the poor allow Gutierrez to assert that human beings are capable of a disinterested religion in the face of poverty and suffering. Gustavo Gutierrez coined the term â€Å"libera tion theology† and its roots come from Latin America. According to the dictionary, liberation theology is defined as â€Å"a 20th-century Christian theology, emphasizing the Biblical and doctrinal theme of liberation from oppression, whether racial, sexual, economic, or political† (dictionary). Liberation theology arose principally as a moral reaction to the poverty and social justice in Latin America. This particular reason is why Gustavo Gutierrez adapts this method and relies on it heavily because of hisShow MoreRelatedThe Hidden Emotional Story Of The Protagonist Who Is Struggling With A Family Crisis Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pageschild abuse. In her third book Errands (1997) again Guest explores her specialty of familial tribulations – the impact of a young man’s death on his inconsolable wife and her innocent children. The family is finding their new world without the man and then they turn upside down, especially his wife. She is consumed with gri ef, and everyday tasks that seems to be insurmountable. Through this novel, the author once again gives a picture of the unforgettable family sufferings that finds the bits and piecesRead MoreEssay about Analysis of the Discourse and Rhetoric since September 112732 Words   |  11 Pagesfalsehood for the war effort. Furthermore, the debate over if, or the extent to which, United States and Western foreign policy contributed to these attacks has also stirred passions on both sides of the argument. My intention is to engage in an analysis of the discourse and rhetoric since September 11. Discourse can be defined as the production of knowledge through language (Hall 201). 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Developing A Supported Business Environmentâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Developing A Supported Business Environment? Answer: Introduction The Australian economy is experiencing difficult times due to downturn. An increase political interference towards the Poker Machine and Alcohol Industries is responsible to alter the perception of Clubs and Hotels. The assessment provides an overview of the External environment factors that help managing the strength and opportunities. The strategic proposal provides information regarding the managing business in the most effective way. The objective of a business plan is to review the policies and to guide with an effective plan (Pride, 2013). Strategic planning The process focus on developing a supported business environment The primary motive is to give an elevated vision for the organization This will enable documentation of required data. The strategic plan needs to be focused on complying with the effectiveness. The master plan should focus on the process to attain benchmarked performance. It gives a base to judge future growth and development Mission The mission of the company is to meet the expectations of the Members (Clubnsw, 2015). Values Honesty: The Company is guaranteeing continuous growth and development of the organization by focusing upon honesty and integrity. In this way, RSL Club can manage the resources in a better way. Friendly: The environment should be friendlier to attract more customers. It is one of the most important missions of the organization. Progressive: The business role is to guarantee progressive attitude. In this way, the business can attain significant goal by guaranteeing a focus on the objectives. The purpose of a business entity is to ensure consistency. Dedicated: The staffs needs to be more dedicated enough by focusing over the core competencies. Those activities that do not provide a regular yield should be taken enough care. Successful: The motive of RSL Club is to gain success by motivating the employees. Motivated employees are helpful for the organizational growth and development. In this way they are able to perform well (Boone and Kurtz, 2013). Strength One of the oldest clubs with exquisite facilities. It has a great economic value and price for goods. Well known among people Visited mostly by the old people especially ex-servicemen Weakness Daggy decoration Beer-soaked carpets Bingo nights and fluorescent lighting. Identity crisis, fierce competition Opportunity Expand the venture through an innovative ideas Development of an effective business ideas in order to manage the place in a more organized way It can influence the age group in between 20-25 Threat Increasing completion Rising government interference. International competitors Political Australia has a strong legal policies supporting international business. Most of the policies are supporting the international business. The government organization thereby supports the trade mechanism. Economic Inexpensive Commercial Property The Currency exchange rates are very favourable. The cost of living is very high. The economy is supportive in terms of business development. Social Developing social trends has a huge impact on the demand There is a tremendous growth in middle class Australia has witnessed an increase in professions There is a marvellous growth in the economy (Tuten and Solomon, 2014). Technological The country has gained incredible growth in terms of technological advancement. This has helped in supporting research and development. The technological growth and development helps in meeting the competitive goal. RSL Competitive Analysis The organization has made tremendous growth. The purpose of RSL Club is to meet the expectations of the Members. For this, they are developing concrete objectives. The place is still using the same old mechanism that distinguishes it from rest of the competitors. The motive of the organization is to gain success by inspiring the employees. They are helpful for the organizational growth and development. In this way they are able to perform well on a long run. They are always ready to meet the expectations of the people which distinguish it from rest of the competitors (Quesenberry, 2015). However, in current scenario it is necessary to develop pre-requisite so that the organization can compete against. Its uniqueness differentiates it from rest of the companies. The majority purpose is met through an effective process where the organization is guaranteeing sustainable growth (Kwortnik Jr, 2010). Club in next 10 years With the current policies and procedures, it is evident that the club will be at the same place where it is right now. For its growth it is evident to introduce radical changes. In order to gain competetive advantage it is necessary to incorporate effective plans. Otherwise the club will remain at the same place after 10 years. Change to improve the situation of the club Firstly, there is a necessity to improve the current structure. The club is still following the old model. In order to gain a competitive advantage, it is must for a business to improve the business conditions. It is important to manage the situation for the purpose of future growth. Secondly, it is suggested that the organization can gain competencies by developing alliances. In this way the club can attract investors to make changes in the plan. The purpose is to sync the objective with the ongoing market requirement. Lastly, it is necessary to introduce changes in accounting with the trending market features. Likely age group of people to be targeting The age group in 20s are more inclined towards clubs. By focusing over this section, it will be easy for the club to gain market advantage. This age group is mostly outgoing and enjoy going out. In such a situation, it is important to develop effective market strategy focusing over this section (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne, 2013). How to attract the members By providing them with a membership packages Through promotional activities By adding more actives and functions Packages need to be customized as per the individual requirement Young people should be given an opportunity to design their own activity More focus need to be given on managing the activities for managing sustainable goals (Scott, 2015). Improve the decoration/ interior The club can introduce more innovative design and ideas. It is important to hire an interior designer who can change it as per the existing market culture. The lights need to be kept according to the existing decoration. There should be a proper coordination in between the design and the lighting used by the club. It should distinguish itself from rest of the other competitors located in the suburb (Armstrong, et al, 2014). Method to reach Youth Social media campaign is an effective way to reach to the youth. Facebook, Instagram is used by the youth largely. By creating an official page, it will be easy to reach the crowd. They will get to know attractive offers available in the club. Conclusion To conclude, the marketing plan includes the changes required at club. A strategic plan is important for prompt action and regular review of policies. By setting clear objectives, it is possible for the business organization to gain effectiveness. By implementing the changes in a systematic way, the club can generate market revenue. Reference Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014.Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Boone, L.E. and Kurtz, D.L., 2013.Contemporary management. Cengage learning. Christopher, M., Payne, A. and Ballantyne, D., 2013.Relationship marketing. Taylor finance. Clubnsw, 2015. Online. Available at: https://www.clubsnsw.com.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/cd-40-2015-e-04F5FBB5B54D.pdf Accessed on: 10 September 2017 Kwortnik Jr, R.J., 2010. The Marketing of Experience. Pride, W.M., 2013.Marketing 2014. Cengage Learning. Quesenberry, K.A., 2015.Social Media Strategy: Marketing and Advertising in the Consumer Revolution. Rowman Littlefield. Scott, D.M., 2015.The new rules of marketing and PR: How to use social media, online video, mobile applications, blogs, news releases, and viral marketing to reach buyers directly. John Wiley Sons. Tuten, T.L. and Solomon, M.R., 2014.Social media marketing. Sage.

Musical Career of B.B. King

Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Conclusion Works Cited Abstract Riley B. King was born in Mississippi Delta to parents whose only profession was sharecropping. While at a tender age of five years, his parents were divorced and he ended up living with his mother in downtown Mississippi. By the time he was celebrating his seventh birthday, the young boy was performing chores that were befitting an adult.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Musical Career of B.B. King specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When he turned nine years, he had to live on his own after his mother and grandmother passed away. With his mother who was his sole source of inspiration gone, King turned to the church for solace. While attending church, King got inspiration from the music presented during worship. This inspiration gave him the desire to become a gospel musician when he grew up. His preacher taught him how to play the guitar and through his employer, he acquired his first guitar at the age of 12. Life presented many challenges for him and he had to sing for a small fee in street corners for survival. This humble beginning later on became a stepping-stone for a great musical career spanning many years. This research paper talks about the musical background and musical career of B.B. King. The paper also examines his achievements and awards. Introduction Riley B. King was born in Mississippi Delta to parents whose only profession was sharecropping. While at a tender age of five years, his parents were divorced and he ended up living with his mother in downtown Mississippi. By the time he was celebrating his seventh birthday, the young boy was performing chores that were befitting an adult. When he turned nine years, he had to live on his own after his mother and grandmother passed away. With his mother who was his sole source of inspiration gone, King turned to the church for solace. While attendin g church, King got inspiration from the music presented during worship. This inspiration gave him the desire to become a gospel musician when he grew up. His preacher taught him how to play the guitar and through his employer, he acquired his first guitar at the age of 12. Life presented many challenges for him and he had to sing for a small fee in street corners for survival. This humble beginning later on became a stepping-stone for a great musical career spanning many years. (Academy of Achievement) Historians agree that B.B. King has made much contribution in making blues gain acceptance and reverence across nations. King has combined his tenacity, character, and style to bridge the great differences created by political opinions, economics, race and cultural differences. All throughout the globe, King is hailed as an idol and representative of American customs. Historians agree that King is a musician of his own class. The rising disintegration of music, coupled with Kingâ€⠄¢s gift, character and ability to endure for long all indicate that it will be hard to get another blues icon that is immediately identifiable in popular culture. King’s real journey toward stardom can be traced back to 1946 when he was only 20 years old. Armed with only $2.50, he set out on a journey from his hometown for Memphis in search of a better life.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This turned out to be a journey that would transform his life and music career. By the time King began performing blues it was confined to its origins, jukebox joints. King helped change this trend and took blues to the deluxe concert halls across the globe. This is seen as the first and the most important of King’s achievements. (Cooksey) King is believed to be farsighted when it came to blues. He is credited for having been the first to experiment the connection betwee n widespread tours and music sales. While King was working hard to make money through music sales, he was also inventing ways to make blues more acceptable to the world. He did this by fusing many genres in his music. His style of music became a great inspiration to various musicians in the blues industry. Even in old age, this trend has not stopped and he is still bringing new creations in the music. He is credited with fusing elements of waltz, funk, pop, and soul to blues. Another achievement and one that is often overlooked in King’s life is his ability to deal with adversity. Although he has chosen to travel a forlorn journey for both himself and his career, he has lost many fellow musicians, acquaintances and even lovers. In his life, King has never been known to have much luck with wives and even children. Despite these personal and tragic misfortunes, he has not lost hope in life. King has been termed as one of the people with the greatest desires to learn and accompl ish the goals they have set out for themselves. Even in old age, King has sworn not to change his lifestyle or to scale down his schedule of performances. This is despite the fact that the aging musician is struggling with diabetes. This can only be termed as a great achievement and motivation not only for other musicians but for the public as well. (King Ritz 12) Despite taking blues to a higher level and his unmatched ability to deal with personal issues, King has other numerous accomplishments and awards. Towards the 1970’s, almost all the new generation of musicians claimed that they were inspired to enter in to music by B.B. King. His 1965 albums Live at the Regal and the 1966 Don’t Answer the Door Part 1 remained on top of the Rhythm and Charts for the longest period than any other music in history. In 1969, he opened a record 18 concerts for a single group, the Rolling Stones. In the 70’s and throughout the 80’s, King was making an average of 300 appearances per year.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Musical Career of B.B. King specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This translated to almost one appearance per day, a record for any living musician. These dates were scattered all around the globe. In 1984, he was included into the Blues Foundation Hall of Fame (BFHF), which is the highest honor for Rhythm and Blues musicians. Three years later, he was incorporated in to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (RRHF), which is also a highest honor. (Universal Music Group) In 1987 the same year that he was inducted into the RRHF, he also earned his music achievements also earned him a Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement. This Grammy Award was a great boost for his career. In recognition of his achievements, great music schools like the University of Mississippi, Yale, and Berklee College of Music have all awarded him honorary doctorates for his immense contribut ion to the music industry. In total, the King of Blues has received close to 18 Grammy Awards and the coveted Presidential Medal of the Arts. On top of this, he has also been awarded the Kennedy Center Honors. He has also opened clubs bearing his B.B. King Trademark in every major American city. He has also published an autobiography, Blues All Around Me, which remains a bestseller around the world. Due to old age, he has scaled down his performances from an estimated 300 to 250. This is still a high number for a musician who is well into his eighties. (Sharp) Conclusion B.B. King’s influence into the world of blues is unquestionable. The musician boasts of 75 albums to his feather. However, lovers of blues music have questioned his character in the recent past. Some critics claim that King does everything including compromising his art just to arouse public interest. On top of this, some blues musicians claim that King has left his traditional role of mentoring them since at taining the celebrity status. This is not strange considering that King has his whole life lived a secluded life. Whether the skeptics and critics claims hold any truth is still a debatable subject. However, one undisputable thing is that King’s every move opens further doors for the advancement of blues music. This is in keeping with his traditional role of opening more doors for blues musicians to sell their music. This therefore makes it hard to claim that B.B. King has abandoned his role and fellow musicians. Works Cited Academy of Achievement. B.B. King Biography, 2010. Web. Cooksey, Gloria. B.B. King Biography, 2010. Web.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More King, B.B, Ritz, David. Blues All Around Me: The Autobiography of B.B. King. Avon Books, New York, 1996. 10-15. Print. Sharp, Steven. Long Live the King of the Blues, n.d. Web. Universal Music Group. B.B. King, 2010. Web. This research paper on Musical Career of B.B. King was written and submitted by user OldLace to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Guitar Music History Essay Sample

The Guitar Music History Essay Sample The Guitar Music History Essay Sample The Guitar Music History Essay Sample Guitar as a Cultural Icon An icon is a beacon that the society attaches a lot of value and reverence to. Most often than not, the society or a culture wants to be identified by it. An icon must have a recognition factor to be worth its salt (Millard 1). Among the American’s long-time icons, there are cheeseburgers, skyscrapers, the electric guitar, a yellow taxi cab, and the liberty statue. Thus, the electric guitar was included among the American icons from as early as the 1960s. There are a number of reasons that have enabled guitar to strike both Americans and foreigners. They include: its ready availability as a consumption item within an affluent society, the key role it plays as the youth culture’s entertainer, as well as a high degree of technological sophistication within a highly industrialized nation (Millard 1). A number of questions have arisen as to how guitar has come to be arguably among the most popular musical instruments. Today, the instrument has pervaded the globe and is truly informing human experiences. It is evident in its being in the forefront of any given social movement as well as changes taking place in the American society for a good number of decades now. The paper explores how guitar and guitar music are used in societies across the globe as an artistic item for fostering cultural identities. In a world whose dynamics is challenged by globalization, this instrument provides features that give shape to new cultural establishments. Guitar plays an integral role in the community as a source of commercial livelihood and a channel of conveying educative music and making local community atmosphere lively among other significant features (Bennett and Dawe 109). Why Guitar is Considered as an American Icon Millard observes that guitar has been among highly regarded machine-made possessions that can be compared with automobiles. It is because of its use by Americans in defining who they are. From the early part of the 19th century, it was evident that, unlike Europeans who were aristocrats, Americans were more into entertainment in line with their cherished democratic pursuits. It partly explains why guitar is largely considered as one of the icons of the American society. Evidently, the electric guitar fitted well with the American characteristics. Moreover, as the society becomes more technological, so is the guitar, which has gone through various stages of advancement, making it appealing to the country’s youth (Millard 1). It is also important to note that guitar is one of the most adored instruments in the world. Its manufacturing is diverse across cultures and, hence, meaning attached to it also variable. This cross-cultural fame of the instrument makes it a unique starting point for understanding social interaction and cultural identity, qualifying it as an icon. While guitar music elicits mixed reactions, usually with emotional attachment bordering on sex, soothing, melancholy, or manic, it always unifies people and creates a common ground even if intense social, cultural, economic, and political negotiation and contest emanate from the ground. Significance of the instrument to the American society can be evident in the country developing its major symposiums like the one held at the Smithsonian Institution to discuss significance of the sound of an electric guitar. It fits well into the American enthusiasm when it comes to technology and the guitar as one of the symbols of masculinity in the country. Guitar has for a long time been seen as one of the country’s artifacts of its innovative processes. In this case, the guitar, together with its amplifier, must be understood as a technological system. It is still attributed to the first technological breakthroughs with regards to the 1960s’ unique psychedelic sounds. Electric guitars still generate similar sounds through various machines used in entertainment. The sound is heard everywhere across the country in cars, homes, workplaces, as well as public places. The uniquely amplified guitar sound is recognized by almost every American. It has not been easy to forget it since it has remained significant in the entertainment industry as the popular music’s signature, motion picture’s soundtracks, as well as advertisement music through various media channels used in the country. Today, the sound from electric guitar has become difficult to avoid in the modern day America. It is as common and popular among citizens as their telephone ringtones. Though meanings of these sounds may be different from what they were in the initial years, the sounds are very vital to the today’s American youth who have given various sounds different meanings. In fact, Millard (3) argues that it is the ubiquitous sound of an electric guitar in the American culture that has sustained its success as a consumer product. By the 1980s, those playing guitar in the country had reached 9 million. All these individuals attributed their identity to guitar. The booming business of electric guitar’s manufacturing, especially in the post-World War II period, is closely related to this. The modern guitar used almost all world over traces its evolution routes to the United States of America. The biggest guitar manufacturer to date is the Martin Family Business, thriving throughout generations. The American guitar owes a lot to the European or the western side of the Atlantic Ocean. It has since developed across evolutions to the post-modern type, resembling artistic creativity and technology, which makes it embraced across cultures. Guitar: Iconic Power and Trend Live or recorded, guitar strings stand out and its amplified sound has power that drowns all other sound instruments in any common place. Millard (5) illustrates the rise of electric guitar as an American icon. He notes it as an item with social iconic stature across the US and beyond. To demonstrate the power of the electric guitar in the American society, he compares sound pollution potential of a guitar to youth and excitement. He also exemplifies it by how a pharmaceutical company uses the power guitar to sell headache drugs, demonstrating a thin line between music and noise. That is how guitar stands out and hence cannot miss the identity. Guitar models continue to evolve along with the technology. There is always the latest model of guitar in the market. The youth whose population is sizeable in the society are always keen on the latest trends and fashion. However, the iconic nature of the instrument becomes evident in the fact that the younger generation always seeks to identi fy with the instrument, which produces the best sound with the help of the latest technology. This is exactly what guitar has evolved to and offers this generation. According to Millard, continuous evolution in the guitar technology is a show of progress. For example, the American electric guitar, according to Millard, is â€Å"a symbol of humankind’s technological dominance over the environment†. Many people will hence view the latest technology as modernity and civilization. An industry as busy as the music and entertainment industry with key instruments like guitar will therefore not miss the opportunity to be adored as a part of the culture of the youth and adults alike (Achard 20). Guitar’s Iconic Influence on Human Growth and Development Guitar is an iconic global phenomenon defining musical genre worldwide (Bennett and Dawe 1). It is a typical instrument common to any band performance. Each string therefore has a specific sound type that identifies with a particular vocal soothing to a group of people. Audio-visual researchers have established a nexus between guitar playing and some of the human brain’s workings. Research has linked active music making with improved linguistic and pronunciation development, calculation ability, improved school scores, adjusted social dynamics, and improvements in spatial-temporal reasoning important for problem solving. According to Dawe (89), most young people identify with guitar at a young age in the form of a toy guitar. In accordance with childhood experience, they believe that what they use has a thin line with the real guitar. This, therefore, means that while still being a child, most people already have the experience of the services of a guitar, albeit a toy one. To demonstrate the effect the toy guitar had in his life, Dawe explains how after the toy guitar had broken down and was disposed of in a dustbin, his parents went ahead to buy him the real guitar. This later shaped his mind and body just as those of his peers. Dawe (89) observes that the instruments, including both toy and real guitars, were agential in introducing him to a certain culture. To him, they were, therefore, ways of enculturation and socialization, transforming him into ways of his peers and brothers. He argues that the exposure to this musical instrument also shapes one’s development of mental capability. Dawe adds that early handling of guitar in the life growth stages has an effect on the physical and cognitive development of an individual, driving out periods of immaturity and maturation. The child, in turn, responds to these culturally designed stimuli, which can be used as a basis of play, fantasy, and social exchanges. Knowledge of the manipulation of strings to produce a desired sound helps develop an artistic mind that is sharp and embracing the power of imagination. Therefore, there is a direct correlation between early exposure to mentally engaging work of manipulating musical strings of a guitar and developme nt of imagination and cognitive ability. From Dawe’s experience, it can be inferred that music (in which guitar playing is integral) is one of the perfect ways to address numerous essentials of children because it is non-judgmental. He could comfortably fit into the group of his peers and being able to play the toy guitar made him no different from adults who were able to play real guitars. Self-esteem, creativity, self-confidence, and curiosity among other positive qualities can be aroused and nurtured in children by listening to different types of guitar music. It also helps enhance children’s listening and auditory skills. The attribute of the guitar has seen many parents in developing countries buy their young children toy guitars. Children have, in turn, shown tremendous class work ability. This has made this item an adorable early development item among kids. Types of Guitar as a Contribution to its Iconic Nature The fact that there are different types of guitar and each is designed differently with a particular style of stringing has made the instrument attractive to people of vicarious social classes, age groups, and cultures. Particular stringing styles give the guitar a particular set of sounds that are appealing to a given group. The guitar tone is affected by differences between strings types; hence, use of asset of strings not made for the type of guitar is not recommended. These are aspects that have been criticized because of the possibility of robbing the instrument of its iconic nature in various cultures. It is because doing this would give not only a bad sound, but also frustration and difficulty when tempting to play a wrongly stringed guitar. Wikibooks Contributors observe that six-stringed acoustic is the common type of a guitar. The guitar is an icon in many societies, concerning almost every group of people from secular and religious groups alike. It has not spared either the young or the old. As an icon, it has proved its salt and worth, attracting more reverence and recognition. Due to the rapidly changing environment in the music industry, this instrument has kept the pace by constant evolution since its roots were traced to the USA. Moreover, the research has established correlation between early child development in terms of cognitive function and physical development and the early exposure to guitar. Children with this kind of experience tend to have improved math ability, higher self-esteem, and more self-confidence. They also demonstrate better-adjusted moral behavior and proper listening skills. Hence, it is safe to conclude that across all cultures and micro-cultural establishments, the guitar and music in general have strong power of influence. People relate with it at different levels irrespective of their groups. Religious or otherwise, the sounds from properly manipulated strings will carry off the hearts of everyone. Music is attached to various attributes of social dynamics such as sex, social gatherings, as well as being a unifying factor. Guitar brings together people of diverse social classes and cultural backgrounds to one dancing floor. Many communities also use music and guitar as an item of identity. In many cases, a particular sound chord is associated with a particular society; thus, the instrument is a cultural icon.

Class of 2017 Skip the new SAT and take the ACT

Class of 2017 Skip the new SAT and take the ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT is changing in March of 2016, so the class of 2017 is in a tough spot: how do you deal with the change? One strategy is to just skip the SAT and instead do the ACT. Is this strategy brilliant or brilliantly boneheaded? Here we find out. Early Studier? Take the Old SAT! Last year, I wrote an in-depth analysisarguing that you should take the old SAT on or before January 2016. This advice still holds if you're studying early enough say September 2015 or before. But what if the old SAT is simply not an option. If you can't or don't want to start preparing for the test until October 2015 or later read on... Advantages of the ACT If you're sure that the old SAT is out for you, then the advantages of the ACT versus the new SAT cannot be overstated for the class of 2017. Studying the ACT Works Better The current version of the ACT has been out for years now. This means there is a lot more institutional knowledge of what you must do to get a high score. Compared to the new SAT, the ACT is better understood by everyone: you have access to more practice tests, prep centers have more experience, publishers have come out with more training books even the test makers have more experience in making a better test! Every test has a method, and can be studied. With the ACT, the study method is clear, while for the SAT, the study method is not. But what if I like the SAT better? You might like the old SAT better than the ACT, but did you know that the new SAT will much more resemble the ACT? The new SAT is making writing optional, reducing emphasis on vocab, and generally copying the ACT because the ACT is growing faster than the SAT. What this means is that liking the current SAT is not a strong reason to take the new SAT it'll be different from the SAT you know now. Most of the guides you find online comparing the SAT to ACT use the old SAT as the baseline you cannot conclude from these guides that you'll like the new SAT better! Aren't SAT's more "legit" and "standard" than the ACT? Those of us who grew up on the coasts (me included, since I grew up in the NYC area) have heard about the SAT for decades. It may seem to you that the SAT is the standard test to take because you hear it a lot from teachers or classmates. But these days, more people take the ACT than the SAT. The ACT overtook the SAT as the USA college test of choice years ago. Almost all colleges that take the SAT also take the ACT and treat them equally. Besides psychological familarity to some people, the ACT is every bit as good, legit, and standard as the SAT. Who are the ACTs most advantageous for? Like I mentioned before, if you're in the class of 2017, and starting to study September 2015 or before, do the old SAT (unless you like the ACT to begin with). Thus, the ACT strategy is most benficial for students studying starting around October, and going all the way through the summer of 2016. If you're not studying until fall of 2016 (senior fall) the new SAT could work for you as there will be months of materials out but still not as much as the ACT. In short: if you're in the class of 2017 and won't start to study until October 2016 or later, seriously consider the advantages of the ACT! Other Articles to Read: Class of 2017: Guide on Old SAT vs new SAT (for those studying before September 2015) How long before the SAT should you study? Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Dr. Fred Zhang About the Author Fred is co-founder of PrepScholar. He scored a perfect score on the SAT and is passionate about sharing information with aspiring students. Fred graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor's in Mathematics and a PhD in Economics. 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Final exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final exam - Assignment Example However, people are constrained to following this judgment of their conscience. In this case, there are things that depend on people’s conscience such as respecting others. On the other hand, sinning against other people is considered a way of wounding their conscience. Catholic Traditions teaches ways of protect from error such as ensuring that one is not get involved in things that would make another person fails. Apparently, teachings of Catholic traditions are based on goodness, fruits of spirit; though, this focuses on the contradictory side of evil. Moreover, these teachings propose two states of being, which include being submissive to God and goodness, and refraining from being involved with evil things. These teachings propose that people can only be involved with either God of the devil, and the conscience is considered erroneous through involvement with the latter. Knowledge gathered from Catholic traditional teachings is meant to establish a distinction between God and evil. Conscience is erroneous through evil, which is considered a way of utilizing power for destroying spiritual development of other people; besides, this serves as a way of defending and maintaining deluding integrity. In this case, people establish a dominion over their victims, where they scapegoat the weak, thereby using evil to misuse power. On the other hand, the Bible in Proverbs 4:19 indicates that evil is â€Å"willful ignorance, refusing instructions, walking in darkness, attributes of denial and self-satisfaction.† Therefore, teaching authority of the Catholic Church plays a significant role by assisting people to distinguish between good and evil; in fact through this way they are able to abide to the ethical command of â€Å"doing good and avoiding evil†. According to teaching authority of Catholic Church, there is need for everyone to try to do well; in fact, this is achieved through determination based on true purpose. For instance, people should have intentions to assist other people, but actions such as stealing, lying, and coveting are wrong. In addition, the Aquinas asserted that God created human beings for a particular purpose, which is identified through reasons. Christians acts are based on the reasons based identified as a purpose of living. However, people are expected to recognize evil and this enables them to choose good and do good things. Nevertheless, there is need to recognize that evil lives among people and it is available to them. There is a chance for an conscious error to occur in situations where one is unconsciously involved into a trend of evil perception. Sense of sinfulness objects people from experiencing from of deterioration; though God wants to have a community, whereby people assist each other. Knowledge regarding good and evils offers a way protecting people from conscience errors; thus, people can dwell in righteousness. Therefore, the ethical command of doing good and avoiding evil is associ ated with people’s judgment of conscience, which can be influenced by the teaching authority of Catholic Church. Section Two 2. Apply the principle of Just War to a particular conflict involving the United States. (Ex. World War II, Korea, Iraq, Vietnam etc.) Make sure to answer whether the criteria of just war are met and justify your position. The principle of just war was not

Attack Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Attack - Essay Example Israel uses all possible means to ensure that the balance of power in the Middle East shifts in her favor. Palestine on the other hand is gripped by fear as Israel strives to maintain and extend her territorial boundaries. Israel has continually done everything in her power to dominate Palestine. In an attempt to fight that dominance, Palestinians have realized their cause, for which they are willing to give up anything – even their own lives. In the fight for their cause, Palestinians have opted for radical measures, including guerilla tactics and terrorism. Extremist groups have emerged, and suicide bombers have realized the need for their hostile acts. In â€Å"The Attack†, Khadra depicts this situation, vividly describing the complexities entailed in both the Palestinian cause and the Israeli cause. In both, the end justifies the means. â€Å"The Attack† neutrally highlights the Arab-Israeli conflict. It offers a multidimensional scope on the hindrances for q uest for peace in the Middle East. Through a political fiction, it aims to elaborate what drives extremists to fight for â€Å"the cause†. It shows why extremists would not think twice about blowing themselves up in order to achieve their end. The author portrays this through the narrator of the story, Dr. Amin Jaafari, an Israeli-Arab. Dr. Amin seems to blend well in an Israeli society, in Tel Aviv. He is a successful surgeon, married to a loving, beautiful and seemingly secular wife. He seems oblivious of the separatist views experienced by Arabs and the Israelis. Unlike most people in the region who are driven by ethnic and religious differences, he is driven by his ambitions to succeed in his career. His bubble bursts when he finds out that his wife was involved in a suicide bombing that left innocent people dead and injured. At first, he did not believe that his wife could be capable of such an evil act until the police asked him to identify the body of the suicide bombe r. He was shocked when the police told him that his wife had not gone to the restaurant where the incident occurred to have a snack. Instead, she went to have a blast (Khadar, 2006). Later, a letter from his wife confirmed his doubts. The incidence gives him the desire to understand his wife’s extremist side, a side he had barely figured out before. The author poses fundamental questions regarding the complexities of the Arab-Israeli conflict. He leaves the reader wondering whether the cost paid for the cause is worth it. Lives are lost; people are left psychologically disturbed by the effects of recurrent bomb attacks, hostilities and general unrest. Those close to the attackers are left tormented by betrayal and deceit. For Dr. Amin, news of his wife’s involvement with a fanatic group leaves him with a lot of unanswered questions. After the attack, Amin loses his friends, neighbors and political affiliates, who think that he was his wife’s partner and is there fore equally guilty. Truth is, unlike his wife, he was dedicated to setting aside religious differences; and focusing on his career and success. It is disturbing to imagine why â€Å"a beautiful, intelligent, modern woman, esteemed by the people around her, thoroughly assimilated, pampered by her husband and worshiped by her friends† could end up as a suicide bomber (Khadra 2006). The author leaves the reader wondering whether seemingly modernized individuals from the Middle East may just be putting on a

Nature and Management in Different Countries Essay Example for Free

Nature and Management in Different Countries Essay Terrorism is a war that has been waging on for more than what the general American population knows about – what makes terrorism a very close reality and a household name is the fact that in the last few years, terrorists are bringing the smell of fear and death closer to the erstwhile protected US domestic landscape through a very lethal weapon: suicide bombers. Times have changed, and the terrorists are getting bolder and bolder, so they say, but some things remain the same, and that includes the nature of suicide terrorist groups, how they are managed by their leaders and how things are just as much the same as it was in the past, as it was in the other countries were suicide terrorist activities were felt earlier, harder, harsher prior to the onslaught of these breed of freedom fighters in the collective US consciousness. Suicide terrorist groups, like any other organization, is a complex maze which can only be treaded successfully through the use of human resource management tools, not very far from the management paradigm and approaches that business groups and other non-violent groups use, since the key to the sustenance of suicide terrorist groups, ironically, is the efficiency of the management to ensure that they always have people who wants to die and to kill in the name of satisfying the greater goal and the greater good. People who are living in a place and in a time characterized by commercialism and consumerism of television ads and product promotions about how to stay beautiful and live longer, about how to look better and have better skin and hair condition, about means and ways to battle diseases and extend lives a little longer people, who, in short enjoys life to the full extent, may find it difficult to understand how there are those who unlike them can just lay down their lives to die, living everything that the material world still has to offer. Suicide terrorists no doubt are a source of fear and anger as much as they are a source of wonderment, mystery and mystique. People ask themselves why these suicide terrorists do what they do. â€Å"What does motivate men and women to become suicide fighters? This is another difficult question to answer. Some of the suicide groups are motivated by religion, others by ethnic nationalism or by a combination of the two. In many cases, it is difficult to tell which motivation is the strongest (Williams, Waltrip, 2004, p.139). † Here, Williams and Waltrip points to the nature of suicide terrorists found in different parts of the world – that they are motivated by something greater than the preservation of their mortal life. The difference in motivation is not just found among different groups, but as low as every one single suicide terrorist and his/her personal reason for embarking on such kind of work and mission (Williams, Waltrip, 2004, p. 139). The modern media(television, Internet and movies) supplement whatever little knowledge the public has by providing either real or fictitious information through documentaries and television shows and movies that graphically illustrate suicide terrorists, their behavior, their nature and their characteristics, with the risk that sometimes they are far from telling the people the truth: e. g. take for example the notion of most people about the gender of a suicide bomber as male, when some historians say otherwise. â€Å"In general, males rarely become suicide terrorists, who are more typically young women and teenagers (Wessely, Krasnov, 2006, p. 112). † What this points out is that with the growth of global terrorism and the rise of suicide terrorist groups and their actions, the desire for knowledge about such aspect of modern day life also improves. Short history on suicide terrorism – In its most basic sense, suicide terrorism may refer to any act wherein the cause of terror of the people, community or society wreaks havoc, death and mayhem without regard for his or her own survival or even with the presence of risking sure death in the process. If this is the case, then suicide terrorism indeed goes way, way back – even during the times of barbarian warriors or even further back. But the concept of modern day suicide terrorism is younger, being around for just nearly three decades. â€Å"Apparently, the first terrorist suicide attack took place in Beirut on 15 December 1981. On that date a suicide driver reportedly drove an explosives-laden car into the Iraqi embassy, killing himself as well as 61 other persons and injuring more than 100. Iraq claimed that the attack was carried out by the Iranian and Syrian intelligence services. The use of suicide attacks as a systematic tactic, however, began only in 1983 (Bjorgo, 2005, p. 72). † Historians do not actually claim that this act triggered the new wave of in the style of terrorism, but this is one of the first one of its kind, probably the first documented act constituting the idea of modern day suicide terrorism by a suicide terrorist. Suicide attacks by suicide terrorist groups is not something new, especially not in the international level, since many groups decades ago were already resorting to this type of attack. The only difference is that now, there is an increased global presence and awareness about suicide terrorist groups and their actions because they are expanding their targets towards new locations, targeting a new set of people some of which are not even fully aware that they are just as susceptible to such attacks compared to the people living in other locations which are war torn and struggling from armed conflict. â€Å"Although suicide terrorism is not new to the world, it appears to have greatly expanded since early 2003 and has spread to regions where it was previously unknown. The primary increase was in the large number of suicide terrorists operating in Iraq, which until the war had not experienced this brand of terrorism (Fieldman, Shapir, 2004, p. 46).

Sacrificial Inequality Essay -- Adam and Eve, Women Studies, Gender Ro

â€Å"Had Adam tenderly reproved his wife, and endeavored to lead her to repentance instead of sharing in her guilt, I should be much more ready to accord to man that superiority which he claims; but as the facts stand disclosed by the sacred historian, it appears to me that to say the least, there was as much weakness exhibited by Adam as by Eve. They both fell from innocence, and consequently from happiness, but not from equality,† (Grimke, 1838). For as long as mankind has been able to function in society, there has always been a line dividing the roles of man and woman. Women have always been the lesser, especially in Western Civilization, and the expectations to be the â€Å"perfect housewife† have continued on into the 21st century. In â€Å"A Doll’s House,† a play set in 19th century Sweden by Henrik Ibsen, a woman named Nora had taken out a loan behind her husband’s back in order to take him to Italy to save his life. She not only had done this in secrecy, but also forged her father’s signature to receive the loan. If Torvald, her husband, were to find out, Nora would be in big trouble, especially since he thought she was like a little child. When Nora’s friend, Mrs. Linde, comes to visit, Torvald finds Nora’s big secret through a series of events and nearly disowns her to save his image. Mrs. Linde, a widow, had left her man, Krogstad—also the man who gave Nora the loan—for a richer man to provide for her family. Although these women had made reasonable sacrifices for their loved ones, their men didn’t understand and allowed society to decide how to react to their women. In â€Å"A Doll’s House,† Ibsen uses Nora and Mrs. Linde to illustrate that women are expected to make sacrifices to their happiness for their family that men wouldn’t m... ...ity for the ones they love because they believe that’ll help the relationship. If Nora had stood up to Torvald before, they may not have even been together anymore because Torvald would’ve realized it was really the â€Å"idea† of Nora that he was in love with and not actually her. This play caused great controversy because a woman had stepped out of what had become â€Å"her place† and been her own person. This was peculiar because it was orthodox for a woman to stay home doing housework and raising children. Although this isn’t how life is today anymore, it is still unusual to society for a man to be doing what was â€Å"a woman’s job.† This is the way it’s been for decades and centuries and the way it may stay for years to come. The only cure to the inequality between genders is to diminish the parallel between nature and nurture and break the stereotypes set up by humanity.

What does it mean to learn

Needless to say, learning is the most fundamental part of our daily experience. From the time we are born, we are learning how to walk, owe to talk, different emotions, and so on. The study of how learning occurs is part of educational psychology, neurophysiology, learning theory and pedagogy. Pedagogy is the science and art of education: it is the study and practice Of how best to teach. The benefits Of learning is the ability to develop natural abilities such as learning from one's past mistakes, creativity ways of thinking, and increased brain power.Our mind is our most powerful weapon; it helps us adapt to change, makes social groups, and establishes valuable relationships. It also helps us establish lines of daily communication. Learning efferent languages impacts our attitudes and correlates to academic achievements. As a person our main focus is achieving a better sense of self, learning leads to this self-fulfillment. It will keep your mind and memory sharp, increases confide nt, offers inexpensive ways to try something new, feeling of accomplishments, and even offers opportunities to learn new skills and trades to increase income.We do not learn just by being taught during class or lecture, we learn by continuously being shown something throughout our lives. Whether it is in science class or behaviors taught by our parents, we learn about what is right r wrong, increased advantages from language studies, and ability to take care of one's self. What is it to learn? Learning is not the same for everyone. Although we are taught mostly the same things, how to eat, how to read, we progress in different ways.Therefore, learning encourages us to form personalities. It gives us stability in repetitive activities. The best thing for being sad,† replied Merlin, beginning to puff and blow, â€Å"is to learn something. That's the only thing that never fails. You may grow old and trembling in your anatomies, you may lie awake at night listening to the disorde r of your veins, oh may miss your only love, you may see the world about you devastated by evil lunatics, or know your honor trampled in the sewers of baser minds.There is only one thing for it then -? to learn. Learn why the world wags and what wags it. That is the only thing which the mind can never exhaust, never alienate, never be tortured by, never fear or distrust, and never dream of regretting. Learning is the only thing for you. Look what a lot of things there are to learn. † White, The Once and Future King Learning is by far the best gift in this world. It provides us with more than just basic knowledge. It gives us meaning to the very questions we ask ourselves.

Importance of Partnerships Essay

The term partnership entails the joining of two entities or corporations of people or organizations with the unique intention of achieving much better results of the intended goals through combination of effort and other related resources. Indeed the general perception of partnership has evolved as a very central theme in the field of policy making since other fields such as social care, health matters, environment, urban generals, fighting and combating crime and terrorism, performing criminal activities and biotechnology continues to embrace partnership (Ling 2002, pp. 615-642). Partnership is also highlighted in the modernization of the various social services in Europe and in other parts of the world (Miller & Ahmad 2000). Various issues relate to the concept of partnership. The diversity in the nature of partnerships being formed all over the world requires special attention to be accorded to a number of central issues in the partnership relationships. The major advantages of forming partnership, the challenges that relate to this kind of relationship and the best way in which the partnerships would best be dissolved have been addressed in this paper. However, the continued lack of a definite definition of partnership has made it have a lot of ambiguity in a number of sectors. According to Nicolus (2003), such an approach is mainly with reference to the relationship that should be natured in such a relationship (Miller & Ahmad 2000; Solidarity with the Women, 1990). Partnership and Mother Care Due to the complex nature of partnerships, the relationship between partners and that of the child and the mother is best done to define the term and to ensure utmost relationship between the partners best understood to fully suit the market need in business and other spheres of life. The nature and history of early partnership help understand a number of issues that relate to the relationship between the partners. This is indeed best explained by the concept of the Early Years of Development and the various existing Child Car Partnerships in the world (EYDCP). These critically help to analyze the actual partnerships that are in actual existence (Powell 2009). The inadequate concepts developed on the working of the partnerships and the arguments on whether or not EYDCPs actually work and the overall meaning raises a number of concerns. The origin of partnership is not necessary based on the business conceptualizations that target to ensure efficient and effective utilization of resources. However, the need to win wars based either on countries, similar interest or to increase territorial boundaries and powers made the need to corporate and work in groups inevitable. Partnership is therefore not a criticism for differentiation (Maddock 2000). It is engraved in the response for fragmentation recognizes the differentiation and lack of compensation based on well understood relationship structures. The potentiality of the collaborators partners in a relationship assumes a natural perspective. In the mother – child relationship, it is almost automatic that the two depend on one another for a number of things which need to be satisfied if the relationship has to grow and become much stronger with time. Initially, one of the partners says the mother mainly benefits the child through breast feeding and offering security (McLaughlin 2008, pp. 82-101). However, as time progresses, the relationship become mutual and the child starts benefiting the mother through the assistance in performing various tasks. In a partnership, it is therefore very evident that knowledge, ideas and other necessary resources are exchanged based on the mutual agreement that may also be based on the pre-set rules and regulations. Partnerships offer partners the desired chance to influence one another and where possibly behave in as if they were one entity. The behaviors are in normally in ways in which the actions can if possible become more aligned thus allowing partners to fully or partially attain their own goals and those of the partnership in the most economical and cost effective manner. EYDCPs could therefore be described as a compulsory partnership based on the nature of its operation and structure of distribution of powers and other resources. In the research carried out on EYDCP nature of operation and other related matters, it is evident that the local authority education system staff had the view that its inactive and dormant members should be disqualified from the partnership (Ling 2002; Lossky & Stransky 2002). This explains the fact that even from the traditional strategic cooperation point of view, the need to maintain constant consultation, sharing of information and other resources is very fundamental in any form of partnership all over the world. If that does not happen, then the continuity of the relationship becomes either technically possible or redundant hence the need to terminate the relationship. It is evident that traditionally, some partnerships have been purely based on the resolution of conflicts and ensuring that peace, stability and cohesiveness thrives. In some partnership relationships, the whole partnership is normally about various conflicts of interest, regarding the partner’s who gets the money first, who bears largest losses and the manner in which authority is controlled. Partnership Definition and Its Nature The nature of partnership carried out depends on a number of factors. Partnership is the union of people or business entities with an intention of performing certain tasks and achieving certain designed tasks within a given time frame using certain amount of resources. The control of funding of the partnership and the overall control of partnership relationships depends on the manner in which the partnership can be exploited. The major requirements for partnership membership, its core target s, nature of control and ensuring setting up and enhancing monitoring various bodies delegated with the duty to do so is very fundamental (Ling 2000). In organizations which are supported by cash resources, a lot of strict regulations and constant adherence to the regulations is of paramount importance. In the modern partnership relationships, voluntary organizations may even be co-opted and the boundaries between voluntary and statutory activity become redrawn in line with government direction. Partnership working is one way in which the state normally retains and in some way its power over other sectors including the voluntary sector. Partnership Relationships in Reference to Relationship of Dealing with Children Children deserve to be given a lot of attention when dealing with. A lot of caution in terms of the tone used when talking to them, the manner in which their problems are solved and the general cool friendly attention they should be accorded is important. This is however a true reflection of how most partnership relationships should be carried out (Gatrell 2002). Listening to children and adequately addressing their issues prepare them for their future lives in which they become better placed to corporate with other people in their future lives. Indeed listening to children also produce better decisions are their various stages of life (Kilm 1997). Even though evidence to prove this argument is very limited in most life sources, it can be argued that habits developed in the early stages of life normally result into the molding of the final products o the mature being with good virtues thus being able to fully adhere to the societal norms. It is generally accepted in life that decisions normally best used by people based on the general knowledge and opinions of those affected and the environment in which they live in. In some instances, the requirements for children also reflect the needs of the partnership in a partnership set-up (Glendinning & Rummery 2008, pp. 133-137; Joseph & Phillips 2001). This explains the reason why in some partnerships, there are always very strong assumptions made in reference to children; that young people’s views cannot easily be ascertained independently with total disregard of their adults who in most cases are better placed to understand better a number of issues. The healthy being of children and poverty and the social exclusion of children also determine the manner in which children would grow to become responsive potential partners. It is so far evident that even though the outward nature of partnerships is commonly viewed positively, partnership has a lot of downfall which need a lot of attention when initiating the partnership plans. The British government has a clear understanding of the various partnership needs. According to the department of education and employment (1999) the recent policy developments have also put a frame to the definition of partnership with great reference to the attainment of the set goals rather than the general processes followed in formulating the partnership agreements and working procedures. This is also in reference to the modalities of partnership working which should be very clear and easily understood by all partners (Edmund 2007; Gatrell 2002). Areas Where Partnership is Very Crucial The practice of partnership is very crucial in a number of sectors. This practice, even though very important in a number of areas, has proved to be more fundamental in some fields than in others (Denzin 2003). This could be in corporation with from various sectors. The continued needs for corporation in a number of fields elicit the need for adequate analysis in determining the conditions necessary for the partnership. Partnership success is charged in various organizations by the ability of attaining certain set goals. In different organizations, the total outcome and profitability value, collaboration nature, the social and health care programs is very crucial in the success of partnerships. Hospitals and other health sectors are one of the areas in life where partnership is of great importance. In the health care, provision of some medical services is very expensive and some medical units are not better placed to offer certain services. Recruitment and employment of medical staff on a permanent basis is also sometime very costly. Surgeons for instance are also very expensive to employ on a permanent basis. This calls for the need to partner with other medical services and hospitals so as to hire these personnel when need arises (Craig & Taylor 2002). Denzin (1998) believes that a partnership is very fundamental, sensitive and thus the need to keep a close watch on the issues related to the relationships. Research in the medical field on the medication of some diseases is normally carried out in partnership with other medical organizations in order to ensure faster discovery of the medical treatment for certain diseases. Hospitals that venture in the provision of sensitive services and medical-care require that partnership be enhanced. This ensures sharing of sensitive information and research results. The partnership that enhances the general reduction of operational costs in the health sector that resulting in the overall reduction of the cost of medical services. Moreover, banking industry, security departments and most transport sectors such as airlines participate in partnerships (Clarke & Glendinning 2002). The partnerships, like in the medical industry, ensures that sensitive yet very vital information is exchanged to also to man and adequately address challenges related to their sector.

College Essay Editing

College Essay Editing College Essay Editing What is College Essay Editing About? College essay editing is the final step of college essay writing process. During this stage, you need to check your college essay for grammar, spelling, content, logic, and many other aspects of academic writing which have strong impact on the final grade for your assignment. Therefore, you need to devote sufficient attention to college essay editing if you want to get a good reward for your efforts and time invested into the process of writing. This article will help you edit your college essay effectively. If you want to get professional assistance with college essay editing, you may also turn to our experienced college essay editors and writers and have your writing thoroughly proofread and edited. You do not want to fail your college essay, do you? Because of poor editing and proofreading, many essays fail. If you do not want to get a poor grade because of grammar mistakes, lack of transitions between paragraphs, and other minor formatting errors and discrepancies, you need to sit down and to spend an hour on college essay editing. You need to pay close attention to the following aspects of your written work: Grammar should be perfect. As a college student, you have no right to make grammar mistakes Writing style should be appropriate for your academic level, you should follow all requirements Organization should be logical and flow from one idea to another, you should add transitions Format should be academic, you should have introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusions Punctuation should be correct and fit all rules, you should double-check the punctuation in your college essay: Get your college essay edited by professionals! College essay editing is one of the aspects of academic writing which has strong impact on your final grade. There are many ways to edit your college essay properly. One of the most effective and efficient ways to edit your college essay is to try professional services of experienced editors. For example, our essay writing editing company offers college essay editing service to students who want to get their essays polished by real experts. Our editing services are rather cheap and you save money with us. Moreover, college essay editing gets cheaper along with deadline. It means that you pay less for longer deadlines and have an opportunity to save your money while still getting the best college essay. Popular on our blog: Research Paper Ideas Psychology Research Papers How to Write a Research Paper Free Research Papers Argumentative Research Paper Topics

How to Think like a Hiring Manager and Get the Job

How to Think like a Hiring Manager and Get the Job When you’re interviewing for a new job, the odds are in your favor if you can rely on a referral from a mutual friend or a big-name former employer. If that’s not the case, you’re going in to a situation where you’ll need to sell yourself. Hiring managers are often misled by their personal biases- and learning to stack the deck in your favor can pay off when it comes time to get hired!Keep the following in mind if you’re gearing up for an important interview:We tend to think positively about people who we think are like us.What can you find out about the company culture or even the hiring manager in particular to help you demonstrate interests they may share?We tend to view those different from us negatively, even if we need someone with very different skills.While it’s good to be yourself in an interview, it’s only common sense to downplay any fringe interests or edgy personal style features- for example, hide visible tattoos or pierc ings until you’re sure the office culture is receptive to them.First impressions count.â€Å"The halo effect† and its opposite (â€Å"the pitchfork effect,† maybe?) is what happens when we find one quality we like in a person and assume that the rest of their unknown qualities are probably just as good (or as a bad, if we focus on a quality we don’t like).If you make a great impression with one area of experience or personality trait, the interviewer may give you the benefit of the doubt in areas where they know less about you! (The flip side is of course that one bad impression may color their whole perception of you just as easily.)People  make subconscious assumptions.Try as you might, you won’t know what traits will ping a hiring manager’s radar. It could be your college, your  last company, your hometown, the teams you  support, or the stores you visit. Keep an eye out for what you might mention, but always always  be genuine. E veryone can spot a fake.Living and working in New York, I have had to become as cautious about disclosing sports affiliations as most people are about politics, religion, and money! But when I’m lucky enough to encounter a fellow Mets fan or a member of my alumni association, I play that up like nobody’s business- don’t be shy about school/team/town name-dropping, just avoid coming across like The Office‘s  Andy Bernard and trying to mirror everyone’s experience with your own!

Management Information Systems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management Information Systems - Assignment Example At the present, almost ten lawyers are working in this firm. Basically, the Law Company has been using a traditional approach to run and manage its business-related activities due to which it has been undergoing a wide variety of problems and issues. Some of these issues are outlined below: In order to deal with the above-mentioned issues, the Law Company should implement an effective management information system, because â€Å"a management information system is the hardware and software systems within an enterprise that provide the information that management needs to run an enterprise† (Rouse, 2014).  The implementation of a management information system will provide a large number of benefits to the Law Company. Some of the major benefits of this implementation are outlined below: Improved security (only authorized users with a proper user ID and password will be able to access the information that they want to access and this ID will decide whether they are allowed to access a particular information or not). At the present, a large number of ready-made management information systems are available for supporting every function of a business. For instance, SAP offers a wide variety of systems for different departments such as accounting, human resource management and so on. But these systems are useful when the size of a company is huge because the implementation of these systems is more costly than the customized solution. In addition, they also charge a license fee on the monthly or yearly basis. I will suggest the implementation of a SQL database, which can be linked with a user interface developed in Dot Net Technology. The implementation of this system will be less expensive as compared to a ready-made system. The system will be used to manage all kinds of data that relate to the Law Company. Basically, this system will be developed by collecting all the requirements from all the stakeholders.  

Zara's success for fast fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Zara's success for fast fashion - Essay Example The apparel industry is also marked by demand uncertainties. Managing supply chain in today’s world is challenging. The complexity is enhanced when the uncertainties are high while the product life cycle is small and the entire process involves several partners in the manufacturing, distribution and logistics (Christopher & Lee, 2001). These expose a company to higher risks in the supply chain. Zara has retained direct control over the entire process. It is hence interesting to evaluate Zara’s formula for success in the supply chain management which allows the company to design and distribute a garment in the market in just fifteen days. The global textile and apparel industry accounts for ten percent of world’s manufactured exports (Diaz, 2005). Globalised supply chains face intense competition and rapid technological changes. The global commodity chains can be either producer-driven as in the automobile industry or buyer-driven. In the apparel industry it is a buyer-driven commodity chain where the large retailers, branded marketers and branded manufacturers play an important role in setting up decentralized production networks mostly in he developing nations (Gereffi, 1999). The buyer-driven commodity chains are locally owned but globally dispersed production system and hence they derive their profits from their design, sales and marketing services. The retailer or the brand owner must have capability to shape mass consumption via strong brand name. This became the trend in 2000 as the rationale was to cut inventory and reduce risks. Retailers concentrated on reducing the unit cost and the not the lead tim e. Sourcing from low-wage countries reduces the labor costs but the lead time increases (Diaz, 2005). Zara’s competitors have to plan their launches months in advance and hence are unable to react to demand changes in the market. The upstream supply chain is dominated and influenced by technology and equipments. The upstream production

Quadratic equations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quadratic equations - Assignment Example A maker of trophies observes that their profit behaves as P(x) = -0.3x2 + fx – m where ‘f’ pertains to fee for designing awards according to client’s request while ‘m’ refers to the monthly studio rent. P(x) would then be the monthly profit obtained as a function of ‘x’ or the number of awards designed by the trophy – making company in a month. At a point where x = - f / [ 2(-0.3) ], maximum profit is achieved. Sports such as football often involve throwing of ball from the ground and the ball thrown (projectile) eventually follows a path of trajectory in the shape of a parabola. Physicists characterize this scenario in a kinematic equation that is quadratic by nature, being y = V0y*t - Â ½ gt2 in which ‘y’ represents displacement of the ball whereas V0y is the initial velocity, along the vertical. If one wishes to find time ‘t’ when the ball hits the ground from the air, ‘y’ may be set to 0 so that ‘t’ may be solved given V0y, with g = 9.81

Health Related Physical Fitness Physical Education Essay

Health Related Physical Fitness Physical Education Essay Physical fitness is the ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness without undue fatigue and ample energy to enjoy leisure time pursuits and meet unforeseen emergencies. (Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sport)  ¿Ã‚ ½Physical fitness is the ability of the heart, blood vessels, lungs and muscles to perform at optimal efficiency. ¿Ã‚ ½ (Bud Getchell, PhD)  ¿Ã‚ ½Physical fitness is the ability to perform moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity without undue fatigue and the capability of maintaining such ability throughout life. ¿Ã‚ ½ (American College of Sport Medicine)  ¿Ã‚ ½Physical fitness is a set of attributes that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity. ¿Ã‚ ½ (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Definitions with vague, subjective wordings and definitions made up of terms that also need defining led to confusion and lack of ability for objective measurement of physical fitness. There are other numerous definitions of physical fitness which are vague and subjective as pointed by the below statement;  ¿Ã‚ ½Physical fitness is one of the most poor defined and most frequently misused terms in the English Language. ¿Ã‚ ½ (Brian Sharkey, PhD, professor emeritus of Montana State University) To enable objective measurement of physical fitness, it is divided into two components; health-related components of physical fitness and athletic ability components of physical fitness. The later components are related to performance or skill. Figure X: Components of physical fitness (ACSM, 2008). From the public health perspective, health related physical fitness are more important than those related to athletic ability or are skill-related or performance related components. The assessment of health related physical fitness is commonly done by fitness professionals, however, despite the recognized importance of health related physical fitness, it is not commonly assessed by clinicians(ACSM, 2008). As illustrated in figure X below, all health-related components of physical fitness contribute equally and in balance to the whole construct of health related physical fitness. Figure X: A balance between all five components to the construct of health related physical fitness (ACSM, 2008). a. Cardiorespiratory fitness Cardiorespiratory fitness is related to the ability of a person to perform large muscle, dynamic, moderate to high intensity exercise for prolong periods and can be assessed by various techniques. Cardiorespiratory fitness of a person reflects the functional capability of the heart, blood vessels, blood, lungs and relevant muscles during various types of exercise demands. It is related to the ability to perform large muscle, dynamic, moderate-to-high intensity exercise for prolonged periods. There are many methods available to measure or predict cardiorespiratory fitness. Those methods fall into three general types of assessment which are; i. Field test. These tests generally demand maximal effort for the best score. For this type of test, the subjects have to perform a timed completion of a certain distance, complete a measured distance, or perform for a set time to predict cardiorespiratory fitness. Examples of field tests modes include walk, walk-run, cycle, swim and others. ii. Submaximal exertion test. This type of test require using either step test or a single-stage or a multi-stage submaximal exercise protocol to predict maximal aerobic capacity or cardiorespiratory fitness from submaximal measures of efficiency of certain measured variables (usually heart rate response). Some modes of submaximal exertion tests include steps, treadmill, cycle and others. Many of these tests required to be performed in a laboratory setting. iii. Maximal exertion test Maximal exertion test use a graded or progressive exercise test to measure an individual ¿Ã‚ ½s volitional fatigue or exhaustion which involves a measure of cardiorespiratory fitness rather than prediction and is likely performed in a laboratory setting. Maximal exertion test along with collection of expired gases is considered as a true measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness however it is desirable in many setting. Decision of which test to be use depends on; * Time demands * Expenses or costs * Personnel needed (qualification) * Equipment or facilities needed * Physician supervision needed * Population tested (safety concern) * Need for accuracy of data b. Flexibility Flexibility in health related physical fitness is defined as the ability of a person to move a joint through its complete range of movement. Flexibility is not joint specific as it is dependent upon which muscle and joint being evaluated. Other factors effecting flexibility includes distensibility of the joint capsule, adequate warm up, muscle viscocity and compliance of ligaments and tendons. Flexibility assessment is necessary because of the recognized association between decreased performances of activities of daily living with inadequate flexibility. Development of muscular lower back pain may be contributed by poor lower back hip flexibility. In reality, there ¿Ã‚ ½s no single test that can used to truly characterize a person ¿Ã‚ ½s flexibility. The most widely used test for the assessment of flexibility is the sit and reach test. Even though it does not represent the whole body flexibility, it does represent hamstring, hip and lower back flexibility. c. Muscular strength Muscular strength in health related physical fitness refers to the maximal force that can be generated by a specific muscle or muscle group. d. Muscular endurance Muscular endurance refers to the ability of a muscle group to execute repeated contractions over a period of time sufficient to cause muscular fatigue, or to maintain a specific percentage of the maximum voluntary contraction for a prolong period of time. CENCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Cardiovascular diseases risk (National Vascular Disease Prevention Alliance, 2009); 1. Modifiable risk a. Lifestyle related i. Nutrition ii. Physical activity level iii. Smoking status iv. Alcohol intake b. Metabolic risk i. Blood pressure ii. Waist circumference and body mass index iii. Serum lipid iv. Blood sugar 2. Non modifiable risk a. Age b. Sex c. Family history of premature CVD d. Social history (cultural identity, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, mental health) Physical Fitness a. Health related physical fitness a. Cardiovascular endurance b. muscle endurance c. muscle strength d. flexibility JUSTIFICATION OF STUDY OBJECTIVES 1. General objectives To compare the effect of light resistance training using light dumbbells and ankle-wrist weights on body composition, metabolic risk and health related physical fitness level. 2. Specific objectives i. To determine and compare the effect of light resistance training between using dumbbells and using ankle-wrist weights in term of changes in body composition; a. Body mass index b. Waist circumference c. Waist to hip ratio d. Percentage in body fat e. Fat free mass ii. To determine and compare the effect of light resistance training between using dumbbells and using ankle-wrist weights in term of metabolic risks; a. Blood pressure b. Lipids i. Total cholesterol ii. LDL-C iii. HDL-C iv. Non-HDL v. Total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio vi. TG c. Fasting blood sugar iii. To determine and compare the effect of light resistance training between using dumbbells and using ankle-wrist weights in term of other components of health related physical fitness; a. Cardiorespiratory fitness b. Flexibility c. Muscular endurance d. Muscular strength 3. Research questions Does light resistance training using dumbbells have a similar significant beneficial effects compared to light resistance training using ankle-wrist weights. 4. Study hypothesis Both types of light resistance training; using dumbbells or using ankle-wrist weights does have beneficial effects in term of improvement in body composition, reducing metabolic risk and improving health related physical fitness level. METHODOLOGY Tumpat is a district (jajahan) in Kelantan, situated at the East Coast of peninsular Malaysia. The town of Tumpat is approximately 15km from the state capital, Kota Bharu. Tumpat district has an area of 169.5 square kilometres is one of the smallest district in Kelantan (Tumpat District Council, 2012). Total population of Tumpat district in 2010 was 143,793 with the majority being the Malays (130,922 or 91.0%). Other ethnic groups include Chinese (6,227 or 4.8%), Siamese (4,784 or 3.7%) and Indians (121 or less than 1.0%). Tumpat district is divided into seven subdistrict (mukim) which is Jal Besar, Kebakat, Pengkalan Kubor, Sungai Pinang, Terbok, Tumpat and Wakaf Bharu (Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010b, Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010a). 1. Study design This is a single-centred, randomized parallel group trial. 2. Reference population The inference population for this study were Malaysian adults 3. Target population The target population were Malaysian overweight and obese adults 4. Source population The source population for this study were all adults living in Tumpat Districts. 5. Sampling frame Overweight and obese adults living in Tumpat District were recruited for this study. 6. Subjects i. Inclusion criteria a. Aged equal or more than 18 years old at the time of recruitment. b. Body mass index of equal or more than 23 kg/m2. ii. Exclusion criteria a. Pregnancy b. On any weight management treatment/program i. Taking any medication which the primary intention is to reduce weight ii. Taking any traditional medication which the primary intention os to reduce weight iii. On any dietary modification for weight management c. Existing joint pain which restrict physical movement d. Existing cardiac condition which restricted physical activity i.e.: a person with NYHA Functional capacity class II, III and IV (American Heart Association, 2011) 7. Sample Size determination Number of subjects required for this study were calculated using sample size calculation for test of means with repeated measures in STATA software (StataCorp., 2011). With power of study (1-?) set at 80% and ? set at 0.05, summary of sample size calculated were as table X below; Table X: summary of sample size calculation variable 8. Sampling techniques All eligible and consented subjects were included in this study. 9. Randomization techniques Subjects were randomized into 2 treatment groups; light resistance training using dumbbell and light resistance training using ankle-wrist weights using RandomAllocation Software version 1.0 (Saghaei, 2004). 10. Blinding No blinding methods were applied in this study. Both participants and observer know group allocation. 11. Study time and duration This study was conducted for 6 months beginning from March 2012 until August 2012. 12. Methods * Both groups will receive health education of promotion of healthy lifestyle which includes promotion of healthy diet, encouraging physical activity and benefits of not smoking. * Resistance training: i. Dumbbell exercise. In this group, participants performed dumbbell exercise with a pair of light weight (1kg) soft dumbbells for at least 15 minutes per day, three non consecutive days per week using dumbbell exercise method invented by Professor Suzuki Masashige, Bull Inst. Health Sport Science, University of Tsukuba (Suzuki, 2000). Supervised group exercises were conducted for 3 months and after that, the subjects will be required to do the exercise on their own. Subjects were given a diary to write the date and duration of training they perform. During weekly follow up, adherence to exercise was assessed. Subjects who did not adhere to minimal requirement of training will be excluded from the study. Non adherence was defined as a participant who performs the training less than 80% of required frequency and duration (less than 9 times per month). Figure X below illustrates the resistance training using soft dumbbells with sets of movement as below. This dumbbell exercise consists of 12 steps with 12 repetitions using a pair of soft light weight dumbbell. Step 1: push up motion Step 2: pull down motion Step 3: the leg bends Step 4: Upper body twists left and right movement Step 5: double doors closing movement Step 6: opening and closing movement forward tilt swing Step 7: winding down motion with both hands Step 8: winding down with one hand movement Step 9: pulling down with one hand movement Step 10: hand down the back swing movement Step 11: arms swing down forward movement Step 12: bending arms stretched behind the head movement Figure X: 12 steps of dumbbell exercise using sandbags. ii. Resistance training using ankle and wrist weights. This group of subjects was not given any specific exercise regime. They were given a pair of 0.5 kg ankle and pair of 0.5kg wrist weights and they were instructed to wear them for at least 15 minutes 3 non consecutive days per week during activities of daily living which involves movements of upper and lower limbs such as walking, doing house chores or gardening. Subjects will be given a diary to write the date and duration of training they perform. Adherence to the training was assessed every week. Non adherence was define as a participant who perform the training less than 80% of required frequency and duration (less than 9 times per month) and those who did not meet minimal requirement of the training were excluded from the study. 13. Tools and materials a. Data collection sheet A data collection sheet was used to obtain demography data of the subjects; i. Age ii. Sex iii. Race b. Anthropometry measurements Anthropometric measurement was assessed by a team of trained personnel. Measurements as below were obtained. i. Height Measurement of height was done using a stadiometer. With shoes removed, standing straight up and looking straight ahead, the subject take a deep breath and hold. The height was recorded in centimetres to the nearest 0.5cm (ACSM, 2008). ii. Waist circumference The waist circumference was measured using a non elastic measuring tape with the subject stand straight and relaxed. Measurement was taken 2.5 cm (1 inch) above the umbilicus and below the xiphoid process. The measuring tape was applied tautly but not tightly avoiding compression or pinching of the skin. The smallest circumference at the measurement area was taken as waist circumference, recorded to the nearest 0.5cm (ACSM, 2008). iii. Hip circumference Similarly, hip circumference was measured to the nearest 0.5 cm using a non elastic plastic tape at the largest circumference around the buttocks, above the gluteal fold (posterior extension) (ACSM, 2008) . iv. Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) As it name indicate, WHR is a comparison between circumferences of the waist to the circumference of the hip and it represents the distribution of body weight and perhaps body fat of an individual; an important predictor of health risks of obesity. The WHR or also known as the abdominal to gluteal ratio (A:G ratio) were expressed as a ratio hence there are no units. Calculation as below was used to calculate WHR (ACSM, 2008); v. Resting blood pressure Electronic blood pressure monitoring device; Medisana ¿Ã‚ ½ Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor MTD (Medisana AG.) were used to measure resting blood pressure. Subjects are requested to be free of stimulants which include nicotine products, caffeine products, alcohol or other cardiovascular stimulants for at least 30 minutes before the resting measurement. The subjects also did not involve in any strenuous exercise for at least 60 minutes before resting blood pressure measurement. For measurement of blood pressure, the subjects were asked to sit comfortably on a chair with back well supported, feet flat, leg uncrossed and relaxed. The right arm which was used for blood pressure measurement in this study was free from any clothing, rested on a table and slightly flexed at the elbow. An appropriate size cuff (a normal adult cuff for those with arm sizes between 24 and 32 cm, and a large adult cuff for those with arm sizes between 32 and 42 cm) was used. The BP cuff with bladder width be tween 40 to 50% of arm circumference and the length of bladder encircled at least 80% of the subject ¿Ã‚ ½s arm circumference was applied tightly at the level of subject ¿Ã‚ ½s heart. Second resting blood pressure measurement was done at least one full minute after the first measurement and if the first and second measurement differ by more than 5 mmHg, third measurement was taken after one full minute (ACSM, 2008). vi. Resting heart rate Resting heart rate measurement was taken together with resting blood pressure using similar device used for blood pressure measurement as above. c. Assessment of body composition Body composition was determined using the bioelectrical impedance method; Omron Karada Scan HBF-362 ¿Ã‚ ½ Body Composition Monitor which gives information on; i. Weight ii. Body mass index iii. Total body fat iv. Subcutaneous fat percentage v. Visceral fat level vi. Skeletal muscle percentage vii. Fat free mass were calculated by extracting total body fat from the body weight. Calculations as below were used. Bioelectric impedance analysis is based on the principle that the resistance to an applied electric current is inversely related to the amount of fat-free mass within the body. This method does not take into account the location of body fat. This method of body composition analysis is very simple and quick to perform. The impedance measure is affected by body hydration status, body temperature, time of day, and therefore requires well controlled conditions to get accurate and reliable measurements. If a person is dehydrated, the amount of fat will likely be overestimated. Bioelectrical impedance measures the resistance of body tissues to the flow of a small, harmless electrical signal. The proportion of body fat can be calculated as the current flows more easily through the parts of the body that are composed mostly of water (such as blood, urine muscle) than it does through bone, fat or air. It is possible to predict how much body fat a person has by combining the bioelectric impen dence measure with other factors such as height, weight, gender, fitness level and age. To ensure validity of the BIA measurement, several measures was taken to ensure that the subjects has normal hydration level. * No eating or drinking within 4 hours of the test. * No exercise within 12 hours of the test * Urinate completely within 30 minutes prior to test Omron Karada Scan HBF-362 ¿Ã‚ ½ Body Composition Monitor was used for this test. Researcher inputs the subject ¿Ã‚ ½s age, gender and height and then the subject which wear light clothing steps onto the platform barefoot and holding the hand electrodes at 90 degrees. Electrodes in the foot and hand sensor pads send a low, safe signal through the body. Weight, body mass index, total body fat percentage, subcutaneous fat percentage, visceral fat level, and skeletal muscle percentage is calculated automatically in less than a minute. d. Health related physical fitness The remaining components of health related physical fitness level besides body composition were then assessed in all participants. Before starting these assessment, subjects were explained regarding the tests procedures and demonstration were done by researchers to ensure subjects clearly understand and able to perform the tests with correct techniques. i. Cardiorespiratory fitness Assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness to predict aerobic capacity of participants were done using Kasch Step test or also known as YMCA 3-Minutes Step test which relies on having the subject step up and down on a 30.48 cm (12 inch) step box. Before commencing test to the participants, the techniques were explained to the participants and demonstration of the alternating stepping cadence was done. A metronome was set at cadence of 96 beat per minute which gives a stepping rate of 24 steps per minute (4 clicks = one step cycle). With the first beat, one foot is stepped up on the bench, stepped up with the second foot on the second beat, stepped down with one foot on the 3rd beat, and stepped down with the other foot on the fourth beat. The subjects were also allowed to practice the stepping to the metronome cadence. After the three minutes are up, the subjects stop and palpate the pulse at the radial site while standing within the first 5 seconds. A 60 seconds pulse count is taken as the test score (toptrendsports.com, 2012, ACSM, 2008). ii. Muscular endurance To assess muscle endurance of the subjects, two test was administered; the push-up test and the curl-up test. Push-up test: The test was administered with the male subjects starting in the standard  ¿Ã‚ ½down ¿Ã‚ ½ position (hand pointing forward and under the shoulder, back straight, head up, using the toes as the pivotal point) and the female subjects in the modified  ¿Ã‚ ½knee push-up ¿Ã‚ ½ position (legs together, lower leg in contact with mat with ankles plantar flexed, back straight, hands shoulder width apart, head up, using knees as the pivotal point). The subjects then raise the body by straightening the elbows (up position) and then return to the  ¿Ã‚ ½down ¿Ã‚ ½ position until the chin touches the mat. The stomach is maintained elevated and not touching the mat. The subjects position is ensure to be straight at all times and the subjects must push up to a straight arm position. the test was stopped when the subjects strains forcibly or is unable to maintain the appropriate technique within two repetition. The maximal number of push-ups performed consecutively without r est was counted as the score (ACSM, 2008). Figure X: Push-ups performed by male subjects. Figure X: Push-ups performed by female subjects. One minute sit-up test (Crunch test): With the shoes remained on, the test was performed with the subjects assume a supine position on a mat, the knees at 90 degrees and the hands held across the chest. The trunk was then elevated to 30 degrees, lifting the shoulder blades off the mat; hands placed on the thighs and then subjects then do a slow, controlled curl-up until the hands reach the knee caps. The subjects were required to do as many curl-ups as possible in one minute and the number of curl-ups performed without pausing were recorded as the score (ACSM, 2008). iii. Muscular strength Handgrip test using a Lafayette ¿Ã‚ ½ 100kg Handgrip Dynamometer model LA-78010 was conducted to determine muscular strength of the subjects. The test was performed with the subject standing and using the dominant hand only. The grip bar of the dynamometer was adjusted for each subject, ensuring that the grip bar fit comfortably within the subject ¿Ã‚ ½s hand and the second joint of the finger fit under the handle of the handgrip dynamometer. Before starting test, the handgrip dynamometer is set to zero. The subject holds the handgrip dynamometer parallel to the side of the body at about waist level with the forearm levelled with the thigh and the arm is slightly flexed. The subject then squeezes the handgrip dynamometer as hard as possible without holding their breath (Valsalva maneuver) and the results was recorded in kilograms. For each subject, the test was repeated two more times and the highest reading was taken as the measure of handgrip strength (ACSM, 2008). Figure X: Use of hand-grip dynamometer to test iv. Flexibility For assessment of flexibility, the Sit and Reach test (Trunk Flexion) using a sit-and-reach box was administered. Before starting the test, subjects were offered the opportunity to do some stretching exercises and light to moderate aerobic exercise for 5- 10 minutes to warm up their muscles. Subjects were allowed to take a few practice tries before the actual measurement and if the subject has any back problem or the test bothers them, the subject was excluded for the assessment. To assist with the best attempt, the subjects were advised to exhale and drop the head between the arms when reaching. The knees of the participants were kept extended (but not pressed down). Subjects were also advised to breathe normally and that they should not hold their breath during the test. The subject sits without shoes and the sole soles of the feet flat against the sit-and-reach box at the 26cm mark. Inner edges of the soles were placed within 2cm of the measuring scale. With hands kept parallel, the participant then slowly reaches forward with both hands as far as possible and the fingertips were in contact with the measuring portion of the sit-and-reach box. This position was hold for approximately 2 seconds. The test were repeated three times and the score taken was the most distant point (in nearest cm) reached with the fingertips (ACSM, 2008). Figure X: Sit and reach test using a sit-and-reach box. e. Biochemical analysis Five millilitres of blood from antecubital vein was taken from each subject after at least 12 hours overnight fasting for biochemical analysis of metabolic abnormalities. The blood was collected in two tubes, the first tube was plain tube without anticoagulant and the second tube was with oxalate/fluoride. The samples were send to a private independent laboratory (BP laboratory) for biochemical analysis below; a. Fasting blood sugar b. Fasting lipid profiles 14. Data collection * At baseline, all participants were given advice on healthy lifestyle: promotion of healthy diet and physical activity. * The study participants then completed questionnaires and assessments for; a. Sociodemography. b. Measurement of anthropometry. c. Body composition measurement. d. Health related components of physical fitness assessment. e. Biochemical analysis for blood sugar and lipid profiles. * The study participants were then randomized into two equal size groups. The first group undergo light resistance training using dumbbells and the second group undergo light resistance training using ankle-wrist weights for at least 15 minutes, three times per week. Group training was conducted for the first 3rd months in the dumbbell group with weekly adherence monitoring for both groups. * At the end of first sixth and 12th week, patient were assessed for; a. Anthropometry measurement b. Body composition measurement c. Physical fitness assessment d. Biochemical analysis * After the third months, participants in both groups were required to do the light resistance training on their own and at the end of 6th month, all the above parameters were assessed again to look at the sustainability of the training program and its effects. Statistical analysis Data entry and statistical analysis were done using SPSS software version 18.0 (SPSS Inc.). As the same subjects were observed on multiple occasions (at baseline, 6th, 12th and 24th week), repeated measures analysis of variances were selected as the statistical test. As data were obtained repeatedly from the same subjects, RM ANOVA enables us to obtain information regarding individual ¿Ã‚ ½s patterns of change, were more economical as fewer subjects were required and enable us to reduce error of variance. Carry-over effects and latency effect were not involved in this study as there ¿Ã‚ ½s no cross-over of intervention in the study design. However, learning effect might be involved in this study especially in assessing health-related components of physical fitness as the subjects might improve with repetition of the assessment. For all objectives, all the three different designs used in repeated measures were assessed in this study; * Within group factors with regard to time (time effect) o 6th week compared to baseline o 12th week compared to baseline o 24th week compared to baseline o 12th week compared to 6th week o 24th wee compared to 6th week o 24th week compared to 12th week * Between group factors regardless of time (treatment effect) o Ankle-wrist weight group compared to dumbbell group * Within-between group factors with regard to time (Time-treatment interaction). o Ankle-wrist weight group compared to dumbbell group at baseline o Ankle-wrist weight group compared to dumbbell group at 6th week o Ankle-wrist weight group compared to dumbbell group at 12th week o Ankle-wrist weight group compared to dumbbell group at 24th week All the four steps involved in RM ANOVA were executed as below; i. Data exploration and cleaning ii. Fit the RM ANOVA model iii. Checking assumption of; a. Normality of residuals b. Homogeneity of variance c. Assumption of compound symmetry iv. Interpretation, presentation and conclusion Step 1: Data exploration and cleaning Descriptive statistics for all the variables were obtained with data exploration. Any missing values and error in data entry were assessed before analysis with data cleaning. Subjects with missing data were excluded from analysis. For numerical variables, descriptive statistics using syntax below were used to central point of numerical data, dispersion and graphical visualization of data normality (histogram with normality plot). FREQUENCIES VARIABLES= VariableName /FORMAT=NOTABLE /NTILES=4 /STATISTICS=MEAN STDDEV MEDIAN /HISTOGRAM NORMAL /ORDER=ANALYSIS. For categorical variables, syntax below was used to obtain frequency and percentage of those variables. FREQUENCIES VARIABLES= VariableName /PIECHART PERCENT /BARCHART FREQ /ORDER=ANALYSIS. Step 2: Fit the repeated measure ANOVA model Repeated measures ANOVA were executed using syntax below; GLM Var_baseline Var_sixwk Var_twelvewk Var_twentyfourwk BY Intervention /WSFACTOR=time 4 Polynomial /METHOD=SSTYPE(4) /POSTHOC=Intervention(BONFERRONI) /PLOT=PROFILE(time*intervention) /EMMEANS=TABLES(OVERALL) /EMMEANS=TABLES(intervention)